The American Civil Rights Era - 1149 Words

The American Civil Rights Era of the late 1950s through the early 1970s brought social change on a scale not experienced in the country since the Civil War. The previously iron pillars of racial segregation, overt patriarchy, and rejection of alternative forms of sexual expression had been withered away by court rulings, academia, the mass media, and societal unrest. For the groups that had experienced open and accepted oppression under these previously unchallenged norms, this was no doubt a cause for celebration. Even so, for many people in America this liberalization was accompanied by a sense of fear. With a new paradigm created, one’s place and role in society became uncertain. Even among groups with newly found freedoms, this uncertainty can be palpable. If one accepts the belief that our â€Å"aggressive fears† are closely linked to our history and practices of colonialism (Glover 42) then the literary and film vampires of the 1970s should provide excellent insig ht into the anxieties of the American citizen at that time. This paper will examine two such vampires of that decade: Louis, the protagonist of Anne Rice’s â€Å"Interview with the Vampire†, and â€Å"Blacula†, the titular character and focus of William Crain’s blaxploitation film. Both provide tremendous examples of the zeitgeist and unrest of that time period. 1976’s Interview with the Vampire opens with Louis, a 200-year old vampire telling his life story to an unnamed reporter. Louis, prior to becoming a vampire, was aShow MoreRelatedAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Era Essay2227 Words   |  9 Pagesof their skin color. Throughout the Civil Rights Era, African Americans made the greatest sacrifice, protestors risked their lives trying to achieve equal rights. There are many incidences when white protestors are targeted by hate groups like the Ku Klux Klan. President Lyndon B. Johnson seemed to only use police brutality when it came to silencing the protestors and King during their movement to end oppression towards African Americans and to gain equal rights. Students are only taught so much aboutRead MoreAfrican Americans From The Civil Rights Era Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pages1020.51 2 October 2015 African Americans 1968-Present Introduction We re not Americans, we re Africans who happen to be in America. We were kidnapped and brought here against our will from Africa. We didn t land on Plymouth Rock - that rock landed on us (Malcolm X). This quotation symbolizes the sentiments of many African Americans past and present who were involuntarily brought to the shores of the United States of America. Since arriving here, African Americans have been mistreated, misinformedRead MoreAfrican American Women During The Civil Rights Era942 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Era, which took place during the years of 1955 till 1968, was indeed the movement that gave African Americans the push to achieve their first major accomplishments of the decade. The Civil Rights Movements goals were to break down the walls of legal segregation in public places, achieve equality and justice for African Americans, and to help make African Americans become more self-conscious when standing for all their interest. This movement not only benef ited men, but it also benefitedRead MoreThe Legacy Of The American Civil Rights During The Jeffersonian Era992 Words   |  4 PagesJeffersonian Era, there was a dramatic role switch between Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and President Thomas Jefferson. Some historians argue that Jefferson was hypocritical in his administration, while others argue that he was simply being practical and pragmatic. During his tenure as Secretary of State, Jefferson heavily opposed Alexander Hamilton’s fiscal policy, mainly the funding on war debts. An avid participant of the Democratic-Republican party, Jefferson favored states’ rights and localRead MorePersonal Experience with The African American Civil Rights Era1546 Words   |  6 PagesEmancipation Proclamation, African Americans in the south were still faced with innumerable injustices, including disenfranchisement, segregation, and violence. Jim Crow laws infringed on African Americans’ fundamental rights to a basic e ducation, to suffrage, to serve on a jury, to enter certain shops, and even to use a public restroom. Throughout this time period, activists, African American and white alike, rallied for change using all methods possible: nonviolent protest, civil disobedience, and even violenceRead MoreCivil Right Act : An Era Of Tremendous Struggle For African American All Around America Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States was an era of tremendous struggle for African-American all around America, but especially for those who lived in the south. Laws such as the Jim Crow act, voter suppression, intimidation, oppression, and the fight for equality, all were issues that African-Americans had to deal with in the 1960’s. The 1964 civil right act was a major executive action taken by then president Kennedy do to protests that had gone on for years in southern states by African-Americans, and Caucasians whoRead MoreThe American Civil War1418 Words   |  6 PagesGuns fired, smoke ling ering in the air, people dying. The American Civil War had a huge impact on the United States. Two compromises took place before the start of the Civil War. These compromises include the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850. The Missouri Compromise dealt with the crisis in 1819 over Missouri entering the Union as a slave state. The compromise was â€Å"the first major crisis over slavery, and it shattered a tacit agreement between the two regions that had been in placeRead MoreThe End Of The Reconstruction1318 Words   |  6 PagesIn the 1860’s there was an Era that started called the reconstruction. The main purpose for the reconstruction was to give African-American people full political and civil equality. However, it was very tough to do this, especially since most white in the south didn’t want the African-Americans to have the same rights as themselves. During this Era there were multiple good things that happened, yet, there were also many bad things that happened. For instance, during the reconstruction the 14th amendmentRead MoreEssay about The Reconstruction Era: The Planted Seeds1231 Words   |  5 PagesThe first roar of the Civil War ended with a last gasp for air. Where in such a war more than six hundred twenty thousand men sacrificed their lives for their own belief in the abolishment of slavery (â€Å"Civil War Facts†). â€Å"We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain. That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom† (Baslor). These wise words of Abraham Lincoln cleared the way of a desolate trail of violence and pain, yet he was determined to accomplish his plansRead MoreRacial Stereotype in the Movie The Green Mile1279 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the earliest silent film, to the most modern film production. Stereotypes in early America had significant influence over how other viewed African Americans, Latinos, Asians etc. The most stereotyped race in history is th e black male. In most early films, they were portrayed as simple minded and careless individuals, but when African Americans started to stand up for themselves films portrayed them as more savage and bloodthirsty. In the 1999 film The Green Mile directed by Frank Darabont,

Evidence Geography Can Influence Russian Power Essay

Russia, the largest nation in the world according to geographic terms is a country located in northern Asia, bordered by fourteen other countries (Kurian, 1), is one of the most powerful countries in the world. Besides military power, how did it get that way? The answer is simply, geography. Many people overlook the fact that geography has greatly influenced Russia’s power. Geography’s influence of Russian power starts in 1547 with Ivan IV, otherwise known as Ivan the Terrible, under his rule, Russian power extended to the Arctic Ocean and to the Urals. Russian fur trappers, hunters, and pioneers went east into Siberia and by 1637 explores had reached the Pacific coasts (Sager and Helgren, 387). Russia, under the rule of Czar Peter the†¦show more content†¦Meaning no transportation of goods, people, or other objects, from that area. Russia, in a sense, would have partial control of Mongolia and China, had it gained full control of the river. Rivers are an esse ntial part of Russian geography. The Volga River was used for hydroelectric power and water for irrigation. It has been viewed as Russia’s most important internal waterway. Other than hydroelectric power and irrigation water, the river was used for passengers on touring ships. Under the power of the Soviets, this river become an important element of economic development due to its many uses (Hobbs, 160). Although the nation has thousands of lakes and rivers, the area is unsuitable for agriculture, but it does contain an enormous quantity of natural resources (Kurian, 1). Because of the location of the large nation, Russia is able to produce almost 20 percent of the world’s oil and natural gas and contains the world’s largest natural gas reserves (Kurian, 1). There are also enormous reserves of iron ore, chromium, tin, nickel, copper, lead, tungsten, diamonds, phosphates, and gold (Kurian, 1). Also 22 percent of the world’s forests are in Russia, accountin g for almost one-fifth of the world’s timber (Kurian, 1). In these well-endowed regions of Russia, large amounts of plants and animals can be found. In the Russian Steppe and the Great Steppe, many animals can beShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Russian Culture On Military Operations1668 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Russian Culture on Military Operations in That Region Introduction Understanding a country’s culture as it pertains to military operations is highly important in the modern era. Dictionary.com defines culture as â€Å"the behaviors and beliefs characteristic of a particular social, ethnic, or age group†. There are many examples throughout history that show the negative consequences of ignoring or misunderstanding the cultures of other countries. The most recent example is our long sustainedRead MoreCorrupt Politics, President s Escape And More For New Ukraine1273 Words   |  6 Pageslike Germany and United States of America is not significant and influential enough to stop Russia from military invasion. Russian takeovers and occupations are a big influence on Ukrainian infrastructure and government structure. It is easy to argue that corrupted politics are what caused the crisis to start, but the big question is when did politicians began to influence all the current issues. In present moment, Ukraine is struggling with disturbing relationships with Russia and new replacementsRead MoreThe Army s Education Of Field Grade Officers1389 Words   |  6 Pagesargued that a nation’s culture is formed over time by geography, history, beliefs, values, and preferences of behavior. In turn, a distinct and unique â€Å"national profile† serves as guide to understanding and anticipating the actions of others. . More recently in 2010, Dima Adamsky advanced the concept further by asserting that shared beliefs, assumptions, and behavior, derived from common experiences shape collective identity, which influences national security objectives and the means employed toRead MoreWhy Is Russia Hard to Invade?1778 Words   |  8 Pagesbeen a major power in Europe, but its influence on a global s cale has consequently made Russia a matter of desire for power hungry oppressors. However, history has shown that Russia possesses certain traits that have acted as a deterrent to invading forces. Most notably, Napoleon’s disastrous invasion of Russia in 1812 and its association with Hitler’s failed Operation Barbarossa are prime examples; their failures were caused by a number of factors such as; faulty logistics, Russian weather and geographyRead MoreA Practical Example Of The Indochina War Essay1798 Words   |  8 Pagesnature is constant but its character is evolving due to changes in technology, society and political ideas. Strategy can be dynamic or static, depending upon the stability of the means or ends, it may change if new means become available or if different ends appear to be preferable. Strategist understanding of the tangible and intangible factors and instruments of national power in addition to the interplay relation and weighing them collectively is a key to formulate and execute strategy. In thisRead MoreInstitutions as a Fundamental Cause of Long-Run14323 Words   |  58 Pages02138 e-mail: jmbinson@gov.harvard.edu Contents Abstract Keywords 1. Introduction 1.1. The question 1.2. The argument 1.3. Outline 2. Fundamental causes of income differences 2.1. Three fundamental causes 2.1.1. Economic institutions 2.1.2. Geography 2.1.3. Culture 3. Institutions matter 3.1. The Korean experiment 3.2. The colonial experiment 4. The Reversal of Fortune i I 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. The reversal among the former colonies Timing of the reversal Interpreting the reversalRead MoreThe Capture Of Megiddo And The Suez Canal1837 Words   |  8 PagesIsraeli Defense Forces responded, defeating and eventually chasing the Egyptians back across the Sinai and the Suez Canal. Israel upon threatening the direct military control of a strategic chokepoint, the Suez Canal; drew immediate response from Russian military forces. What had been the defense of Israel’s homeland, resulting from an unprovoked attack, in a regional conflict – suddenly elicited superpower intervention. This is a modern example of and resulting response of confrontation when aRead MoreInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesfirst document the empirical importance of institutions by focusing on two quasi-natural experiments in history, the division of Korea into two parts with very different economic institutions and the colonization of much o f the world by European powers starting in the fifteenth century. We then develop the basic outline of a framework for thinking about why economic institutions differ across countries. Economic institutions determine the incentives of and the constraints on economic actors, andRead MoreEssay on Change Analysis Chart Postclassical (600-1450 C.E.)8730 Words   |  35 Pagespolitical powers * Nomadic movements undisputed | * nomads migrate into settled lands and uproot other nomadic groups * nomadic military skill continues to give an advantage | * Bantu migrations end * Germanic migrations end * Settled societies find efficient ways to defend agains nomads | * Stronger centralized states reduced the effectiveness of nomadic migrations | * fall of classical civilizations created political vacuums and those who wished to excape other rising powers movedRead MoreThe Airline Industry: Facing The Challenges Of The 21st Century20678 Words   |  83 Pages.............. ..........41 CASE STUDY 2: THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY TO THE UK ECONOMY.............................................................................................................................44 CASE STUDY 3: THE RUSSIAN AVIATION INDUSTRY ................................................51 2 3 Acknowledgements U.S. Foreign Commercial Service And U.S. Department Of State Bureau Of Transport economics, Commonwealth Of Australia Honorable David M. Walker

Debut Albums and Lovely Home free essay sample

Laconically I was face first against the wall, held by my arms by lackeys of the resident bully. I had gotten myself into this position on my own, and expected no help from other kids or the staff. My name is James, I am 15 years old and I live in an orphanage. This had been my life for the past 7 years and I did not know much else. I had an aptitude for making trouble and it usually got me beaten up, or grounded. This time I had humiliated the poor boy by reading his personal diary to the rest of the lunch hallApparently, this was not a good choice, and now I was here. After he had hit me a few times, he made an unintelligible noise that apparently meant throw me on the ground, as this Is exactly what happened. Before I knew It I was lying face up on the floor, being repeatedly kicked by the three boys. We will write a custom essay sample on Debut Albums and Lovely Home or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first couple of seconds, I wasnt worried. This was normal for me. But after that, I began to worry. I was scared. They had never beat me this bad, kicked me so hard.The pain was unbearable. Eventually they must have gotten bored because the cackling had stopped, but the pain was still there. I felt sick. It hurt to move. All I could think of was my bed. After waiting a few minutes, I had the strength to crawl up the stairs and into the building of which this lovely home of mine was built. I reached the staircase leading to the first floor and reached for the hand rail. Pulling myself up with its help, I scaled the stairs. One by one.Every step felt like someone was stabbing me in the chest. I came to the conclusion that I had broken a rib, but was so exhausted, didnt think of reporting it. I got into the hallway and luckily for me my room was directly in front of me. Stumbling through the door, I slammed it and locked it straight away, convinced I wasnt leaving again. This was my second mistake. I stripped off, clambered into bed and before you could say sleep, I was snoring. This is where my life changed.

Report to Metro Hospital

Question: Discuss about the Report to Metro Hospital. Answer: HIMMS level 7 and what it will offer the hospital HIMSS stands for healthcare information and management system. HIMSS is a non-profitable United States organization with the aim of enhancing a good comprehension of data concerning information of healthcare and management information systems. HIMSS level 7 is the identification of using or putting the utmost level of electric health into action. It scales hospitals basing on a rate of 0 to 7 using the adaptation of Electric Medical Records. When a health centers achieve the level 7, it means that the hospital is paperless (Bergeron Al-Daig, 2013). Therefore, the organization opts to use optimal management system for the quality of peoples lives. EMR, on the other hand, stands for Electrical Medical Records (HIMSS dictionary of healthcare information technology terms, acronyms, and organizations, 2013). Doctors or any other health practitioners who offer medical services to people keep EMR. Therefore, it is used to keep records of the medical data of a patient using a computerized m odel. Why the report is being written The report is being written in order to improve the assistant provides by Metro hospital with an objective to make it attain level 7 of the HIMSS EMR adoption system by 2025. Importance of HIMSS level 7 by 2025 and what the report will demonstrate It is essential for the metro hospital to achieve HIMSS level 7 by 2025 because it helps a hospital in maintaining reports and medical information of patients as well as records of patients in a computerized form. This makes the records to be retrieved easily and makes the navigation of the patients to be more efficient and safer through the healthcare system. Therefore, this report acts as a roadmap for metro hospital into attaining HIMSS level EMR by 2025. Vision for EMR My vision My apparition is to see Metro institution has attained the EMR system by 2025. By having the computerized formats, they will do away with the way of doing their job manually and having to adopt an electronic environment. Also by adopting EMR, the hospital will reduce the costs that increase due to employing workers to work manually (Gaikwad Dalhousie University, 2015). Besides, it will make sure that work is performed efficiently with the assistance of electronic models. Therefore, for Metro to attain the HIMSS level 7 EMR by 2025, it will be best for the hospital to participate in the HIMSS annual analytics study to enhance it receive the scores of EMRAM. The attainment of a digital surrounding by the Metro by the year 2025 will enable it to offer its customers services efficiently and in an effectively way. How the implemented EMR will look like by 2025 When the idea of having EMR is put into action by 2025, it will consist of digital health data regarding the patients as well as the population at large. The system will contain records in a digital format whereby through a connected network system the information will be shared with all the departments of the Metro hospital. In order to be certain that the electronic system builds a positive effect for the hospital; the system will be modeled with vital features like for example it must provide incorporated information that will be beneficial to the doctors while determining the condition of an individual concerning their medical history. The RMR will be created in a way that it can be easily accessed by all the staffs and physicians of the metro hospital (Snedaker Rogers, 2016). The implemented EMR should be able to integrate a wide range of data in summary of their personal status like their age, weight, and bill data among others. In addition, the system should be able to keep a ll the data concerning the patients as well as all the encounters of an individual. Therefore, the system should allow easy retrieval of such kind of data. What EMR will do and offer A fully implemented EMR for the hospital by 2025 will enable the hospital's ability for its cycle in revenue proceedings. The system will as well provide room for enabled applications, which will support more accurate charge capture. This will grant improved records and speed up the billing process. Besides, the implemented system will ensure the improvement of quality care. Using information technology through the implementation of EMR reduces costs in administration for a patient. N addition the implemented system will reduce medical errors and ensure faster access to contemporary practices in medical literature and medicine. It will also have the ability to offer ordered information through browser capabilities applied on screen thus providing relevant coding information. When EMR model is implemented, many medical record systems will be linked, and therefore it will be easy to attend to clients who are willing to seek medical appointments, and this will be beneficial to many peop le. Since metro hospital has connections with the division of practitioners in its surrounding, implementing EMR will be like an opportunity that will enhance patients from other nations to link with metro. Critical success factors for the EMR The EMR is computerized and paperless system thus being digital. Therefore, the metro hospital will use the system to keep all the records of the patients (Garets, Eastman Garets, 2013). Also, the system will help in reducing errors in the documents. It will as well increase the efficiency of the hospital's processes. Adapting this electronic model will help the hospital in sharing health data as well as wellness of data in all entities found in the hospital like surgical, nose, maternity and vascular record among others. It is important to consider technical factors so that the digital health record can be successful. This includes implementation, planning, and organization of the health data departments from an ineffective environment to a digital surrounding. Technologies, staff, and work processes should be adopted will in regards to providing quality data despite the challenges of limited resources and high expectations. The technical, as well as the critical factors that should be taken into consideration, are the creation of workers capacity, instigation of new models and realignment of procedures while building an electronic health record for the hospital. Creating a staff capacity is essential, as it will assist Metro to organize the ethical changes that will meet the upcoming necessities. Realignment of processes will help Metro to design and implement firm processes. Renovation of the physical environment will reduce the time in filling charts and retrieving them. Therefore, to achieve the general information of metro hospital the critical factors should be considered in the implementation of EMR. Current Situation How I will review the current status of informatics within the Metro Hospital In order to know the hospitals status of informatics, it is essential to have knowledge of how the hospital performs its daily operations when attending to the customers as well as the operations of the hospital at large. In the current position, the hospital is expected to grant a high optimum degree of technological equipment by providing information system solutions to enable good health care. Therefore, in order to attain this, a new information system will enable the metro hospital to adapt the EMR by 2025. There is a lot of burden in the hospital because of inefficient manual surrounding thus making it difficult to attend to their clients properly (Smaltz, 2017). Besides, the hospital is not utilizing its functionality fully in providing safe care to its clients due to inefficient methods of performing their tasks. Specific aspects to review It is therefore, essential to analyze and determine if the cost of achieving the digital system is worth the cost of meeting it. Besides, it is best to ensure whether the requirements will exceed the value of incentive check in achieving all the levels even after auditing is done. Therefore, a major aspect that should be reviewed is ensuring that the digital health record is implemented in order to connect all the staffs with the electronic records of the hospital. The other element that should be reviewed is the time that is spent when serving the customers in the hospital. This will assist to ascertain whether the implementation of the electronic model will be advantageous for the metro. Critical Aspects to Support EMR and Information Management Practices To Be Implemented Metro hospital staffs should be made aware of the tasks of the management that should be implemented to ensure the effectiveness of EMR system. Therefore, the staffs should have full information on the rules, authority, as well as the necessities required in using the electronic system. The regulatory authority determines the present principles of retaining, maintain, destructing and RHRs AND EMRs. Also, the privacy regulation should be highly respected and upheld. Besides, crucial functions of the digital model should be considered a well as putting the key guidelines from the manual model in mind. This helps to maintain clients privacy as well as securing information (Skolnik, 2011). Integrity should be highly maintained and supported in the metro hospital while keeping records and in the daily routine of the hospital. Roadmap to Achieve HIMSS Level 7 by 2025 Specific goals and timelines to achieve a fully digital status by 2025 The instigation of HIMSS for the metro hospital by 2025 is a sequence of initiatives representing a journey. Therefore, the practice will have a lot of challenges, impacts, as well as solutions. The critical objectives towards the project of EMR system will consist of the acquisition of ambulatory EMR and planning of EMR as well. Then the assessment of intake will follow after the process of medication has been evaluated. Documentation and clinical support will follow through the stipulation of electric portal and communication. The final level of putting the ambulatory of EMR into practice will make the system to be of legal health records by 2025. It has been my aim to attain the EMR system even if the metro hospital had no plans of implementing it. The system enhances quality health care. In order to attain particular objectives as well as timelines in achieving an electronic status for the hospital by 2025, a strategic plan, as well as a vision, should be created at the executive stage with the aim of changing the delivery of care in the metro hospital. A structure to govern must be developed to enhance accountability, management, and making decisions (Sinclair et.al 2015). After, the information technology infrastructure that supports EMR must be created together with a continuous recovery plan. Achieving of technology and managing of change must be maintained as a daily task. The structure of governing should be developed to ensure management. Also, the measuring of the institutions procedure will need to mention the objectives as well as balancing the journey of achieving the project by 2025. Implementation Plan How I will implement my plan I will have an objective, an overview, management in my implementation that will consist of major tasks, security, and privacy in the process of execution. Besides, the system will consist of the hardware and software, materials and facilities, personnel and documentation. The workforce will involve training of staffs and implementation plan will consist of management interface and monitoring performance. Lastly, it will consist of implementation requirements by details. Resources required to implement the project The resources that will need to execute the HIMSS project consist of Citrix. Citrix is a technology that is utilized to provide scarce success using a wireless network, qualified staffs, and assets such as tablets, desktops, and laptops (In Oldenburg et.al 2013). Having ascertained the required equipment for implementing the project, I will be able to know the early signs of risks, and the resources needed which can be either financial or non-financial. Governance Governance is another important element required while implementing the projects. Governance assists in ensuring that there are no risks that can affect the hospital while executing any other elements (Varshney, 2009). The governance of the hospital will be under the care of two committees that will oversee the projects of EMR system. The two committees will include IT professional, and the other will committee will represent the operations of the hospital departments that are affected by the project. The two committees will, therefore, be meeting often to discuss any upcoming events as well as hearing about the updates of the entire project. Alignment to state and national e-Health programs Specific aspects of the state and national e-Health programs that will affect the implementation of the EMR There are some of the states and e-health plans that have an effect on the execution of EMR. For example, the state strategies affect the advancement of HER models. Even though the states and the opposition back up e-health, both have been against the HIMSS-EMR system, which was executed by the government. According to the report, the health programs representative told the e-health organization that if the coalition had won government in 2007 things would have been different in Australia. This shows how a change in state influenced the success of ERM system (In Hoyt, In Yoshihashi, 2014). Besides, the uncertainty of economy in the U.S especially unstable commodity market affects government financial ability to see the HIMSS EMR project through. How my strategy integrates with national and state based plans The nation and state-based plans integrate with my strategy as both are seeing the HER initiatives as a chance to have essential advancement in the health sector. Besides, both the state and my strategy see the system to enhance instant access to essential medical data to improve health services. Also, plenty of health records can be retrieved everywhere. How I will integrate my EMR with the broader strategic plans I will integrate my EMR with the strategic plans by providing specific departmental functionality with emphasis on work schedule. In addition, I will provide cardiology functionality to a new specialty facility. Besides, I will also offer an inclusive EMR solution in a small society based facility where finance is a challenge. I will also maintain focus on strategic direction. I will as well seek outside advice and counsel on the new system to be implemented in the metro hospital. Lastly, I will select an EMR service strategy that gives the greatest potential for success in certain situations. Success and Identification of Risk How confident I am to achieve my vision I have great faith can accomplish level 7 of HIMSS model by 2025. This is because of the support as well as the understanding the staffs of the metro have portrayed. Nevertheless, some of the practitioners who are connected with the hospital will strain in meeting some of the proposed aspects that are aimed at using the EMR to ensure quality necessities. Risks There are risks that may face Metro after the project has been completed. The risks include lack of adequate awareness of principles as well as malicious misuse of information by insiders. The projects may also be exposed to outside attacks, which include social engineers and websites that can be harmful to the institution because important data can be lost. Therefore, the hospital should be concerned about recovery guidelines and plans for recovering any disaster. Benchmarks It is essential to use benchmarks metrics to develop them, and so that the ratings user-ability can give more information (Snedaker Rima, 2014). The benchmark can be built through measuring the real hospital surrounding as well as each clinician job. The panel of clinician will compare the good actual performance and the apparent standard performance by users to create a certain score, which reflects better necessities of clients. Conclusion In conclusion, it is important to search for the advantages, barriers, as well as risks to make level 7 of the HIMSS EMR model to be a success by 2025. The advantages, as well as the risks, have a significant relationship in adopting the EMR systems. The transition from the manual system to the digital model is a significant change for the hospital's processes and routine. Therefore, its ability to adopt the electronic system will build opportunities for metro to start health care changes at the population level and the individual stages. The attainments of the model will broadly depend on the effort made by all the departments of the hospital. The system will improve quality health care as well as increase productivity. References Bergeron, B. P., Al-Daig, H. (2013).Developing a data warehouse for the healthcare enterprise: Lessons from the trenches. Chicago, IL: Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. Gaikwad, R. K., Dalhousie University. (2015).Comprehensive evaluation of two electronic medical record (EMR) systems in primary health care for accuracy of drug interaction alerts. Halifax, N.S. Garets, C. M. C., Eastman, D., Garets, D. E. (2013).Change management strategies for an effective EMR implementation. Chicago, IL: Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. HIMSS dictionary of healthcare information technology terms, acronyms, and organizations. (2013). Chicago, IL: Healthcare Information and Management Systems Societ In Hoyt, R. E., In Yoshihashi, A. (2014).Health informatics: Practical guide for healthcare and information technology professionals. In Oldenburg, J., In Chase, D., In Christensen, K. T., In Tritle, B., Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (2013).Engage!: Transforming healthcare through digital patient engagement. Sinclair, D. G., Leatt, P., Rochon, M., Institute for Research on Public Policy (2015).Riding the third rail: The story of Ontario's Health Services Restructuring Commission, 1996-2000. Montre?al [Que.: Institute for Research on Public Policy. Skolnik, N. S. (2011).Electronic medical records: A practical guide for primary care. New York: Humana. Smaltz, D. H. (2017).Demystifying big data and machine learning for healthcare. CRC Press Inc. Snedaker, S., Rima, C. (2014).Business continuity and disaster recovery planning for IT professionals. Waltham, MA: Syngress. Snedaker, S., Rogers, R. (2016).Syngress IT security project management handbook. Rockland, MA: Syngress Pub. Varshney, U. (2009).Pervasive healthcare computing: EMR/EHR, wireless, and health monitoring. New York: Springer

Americas Inhumanity essays

Americas Inhumanity essays Americas Inhumanity The greatest tragedy is war, but so long as there is mankind, there will be war. -Jomini The Art of War On March 16, 1968, Charlie Company of the Americal Division moved into the hamlet of My Lai and committed one of the most brutal atrocities in the Vietnam War and American history. However much their actions resulted from inherent stresses of the war, their brutal targeting of noncombatants was said to be an exceptional deviation from orders. Some 500 civilians were killed and it was not until a year later, with a letter from Ron Ridenhour, that the Criminal Investigation Division of the US Army checked the validity of the accusation. Then General Peers was asked to head a Commission to determine what happened and who was at fault. Since then, countless attempts have been made to explain how such an atrocity could have occurred. One of the strongest suggests that as an attempt to lift the demoralized spirit after the Tet offensive, the Charlie company platoon leader, Lt. Calley, led a mission to eliminate a Viet Cong stronghold in the vicinity of Son My village. This mi ssion succeeded only in the death of unarmed, innocent men, women, children and babies thus revealing the brutal nature of war. To understand why the My Lai incident happened, one must understand the events leading to it. In 1967 the North Vietnamese and the National Liberation Front (NLF) decided the time had come to launch an all out offensive aimed at the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and US forces. In December of 1967 the North Vietnamese attacked the US marine base at Khe Sanh. General Westmoreland, the commanding US military officer in Vietnam, wanted the outpost at Khe Sanh held at all costs. As a result, 50,000 troops were called to the area thus weakening positions further south. The main thrus...

What are the differences between the SAT and ACT

What are the differences between the SAT and ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you curious about what the differences between the SAT and ACT are? If you want a summary, click here to see quickly whether you would be better at the SAT or ACT. But if you want the nitty gritty details about the differences, read on below! 1. What are the content differences on the SAT vs ACT? Take a look at the content difference below. Are there any items that you love or hate? If so, then give the relevant test an extra point. Tally up the points at the end to see which is ahead: 1A. Math The SAT and ACT are very similar in terms of math, but the ACT has more and harder math. Both Tests Cover: Properties of Integers and Rational numbers Sequences Linear and Quadratic Equations: Word problems: Functions Basic Geometry, including Lines, Triangles, Polygons, Circles, 3-D and Coordinate geometry Data Interpretation, Statistics and Probability The ACT Also Covers: Matrices Complex numbers Trigonometry Logarithms Conic Sections 1B. Writing/English Like the Math section, both tests cover the topics below and the ACT also covers the topics listed at right. Both tests cover: Faulty ModifierParallel ConstructionSentence FragmentsPronounsVerb FormsConciseness and RedundanciesNumber AgreementIdiomsAdjective vs Adverb The ACT also covers: comparison/descriptionword choice (non-idiom)transitional logic: which words are best to move from one idea to anothermacro-logic: how to order sentences and paragraphsauthor’s formality and tone 1C. Reading The main difference between the SAT and ACT Reading sections is that the SAT includes fill-in-the-blank questions and the ACT’s Reading is only passages and questions about them. The SAT covers: Passages: main point, identifying details, inferring information, vocabulary in context, and the function of specific parts Sentence Completion: relationship between 2 words and vocabulary-based questions The ACT covers: Passages: main point, inferring information, vocabulary in context, and the function of specific parts Fact Finding: without line number references, find and explain a phrase or sentence Comparisons/Contrasts Cause-Effect Author Method 1D. Science The SAT does not have a Science section, so if you like science, the ACT has a huge advantage for you. Basic Science Knowledge (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) Data Representation: analysis, interpreting trends, and calculations based on data Research Summaries, including: Experimental design/Researcher intent Hypothetical Experimental changes Interpreting experiments Understanding of viewpoints Comparing viewpoints 2: What are the rule differences on the ACT vs SAT? Guessing: On the SAT, there is a  ¼ point penalty for each wrong answer (each correct answer is worth 1 full point). There is no penalty for omitting (just not answering) a question. On the ACT, there is no guessing penaltyguessing wrong and omitting are the same. Passages:While SAT passages do tend to follow the same basic patterns, they are not labeled by type or topic. The ACT, on the other hand, always labels its 4 passages (that are always in the following order): Literary Narrative, Social Science, Humanities, and Natural Science. Sections:The SAT doesn’t title its sectionsMath is obvious, but Reading and Writing have to be differentiated by question type. The ACT titles its sections in huge bold letters. Questions:The tests have very similar question styles in Math and Reading; the English questions in both tests involve students choosing how to replace underlined parts of sentences and paragraphs. However, they differ in how they apply this format. The easiest way to understand this is to compare the English section of the ACT to the Writing section of the SAT. You can download a PDF of each test here:SAT,ACT. Test Structure:The SAT alternates between Math, Reading and Writing sections, and until thechange in 2016, the essay is always the first section (in 2016 it will be the last section and optional.) There are always 10 SAT sections: 3 math, 2 writing, and 3 reading, and 1 experimental section that is not identified (it looks like all the other sections) or scored. They don’t go in any particular order, but you’ll never see 2 math sections back-to-back. A sample order of SAT sections might be: Essay Math Writing Reading Experimental Math Reading Math Reading Writing So, in the end, on the SAT, you’re scored on 8 sections and the essay. The organization of the ACT is much simpler: it has 4 sections that are always in the following order: English, Math, Reading and Science. Sometimes there is an experimental section, but it’s always Section 5, so you know which one it is. 3. How can I see these differences myself? Take a look at three real ACTs from the past, and three real SATs from the past. Examine the real tests themselves and see how they feel different! Also, check out our article on whether the ACT or SAT measures your IQ better. What's next:Are you better on the ACT or SAT? Use this one surefire method to find out. Read about whether you'll be better on the SAT or ACT.

Responce lettr Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Responce lettr - Essay Example Therefore, the meaning family tends to be on an individual basis because each individual could be living in a unique household. The increase in divorce rates is relatively alarming and the changes in sexual preferences have influenced families to adopt different family structures across many of the civilized nations. The implication of this is that this concept is not a unique challenge because the occurrence of broken families applies in mostdeveloping and developed societies. However, parents have the responsibility of helping their children to understand that these challenges exist rather than leaving them to suffer because of the sour relationship that may exist between them and their estranged spouses. In this case, this response letter will seek to explain how best individuals can express themselves without harming the feelings of other family members using the Johari window of disclosure. Further, it will also focus on the ways of easing dialect tension that may exist between family members using the dialect tension theory and the possible ways of communicating with them in order to avoid such tensions in the future. 1. Self-disclosure As per this scenario, the advancements made in technology such as social media helped in establishing a relationship with a sibling from the father that abandoned his family years back.The challenge here is that how does one remain loyal to the family that provides them with shelter and the other necessities of life andalsoseek to establish a bond with siblings from the other parent without hurting their feelings. One feels as though they have the obligation to lay out the facts straight before both parties, but this has a high likelihood that one of the parties might be hurt in this process (Rotenberg, 2006). Essentially, this can be challenging to the self-disclosure aspect in which one feels that developing a relationship with a family that their parents do not approve of makes them disloyal and ungrateful. Self-disclos ure is the most advisable way of handling such a situation as compared to lying, secrecy, or making hints that may suggest disloyalty to family. However, no options for maintaining a healthy relationship between family members are without consequences, but the outcome has not been as severe in the event that one comes out clean about the situation. In this case, an individual seeks to know the other family members that they share a lineage with the mistakes committed in the past are hindering the prosperity of this newfound relationship. However, the secret conversations that began without intending any harm could have been the beginning of this stalemate, but this does not mean that anyone is to blame for this situation. In this case, the mother and the stepbrother appear to be of importance, but the question that begsis to what extent. There is also the opportunity to know the stepbrotherbetter and develop a lasting relationship or maintaining the good mother-child relationship th at has existed for a much longer time. In order to establish whether the self-disclosure process is worth the risk, it is pertinent to ascertain whether it is substantive to do so or whether it is worth the risk. On the contrary, the execution ofself-disclosure should be with caution especially on the sibling met via Facebook because their personality is still a mystery. The Johari Window model of self-disclosure 1. Open/ free

Research Process for the Rights of the Mentally Ill to Have Children Paper

Process for the Rights of the Mentally Ill to Have Children - Research Paper Example Literature Review Nicholson et al. (1993) conducted a study to find out whether the state departments of mental health of sixteen states are giving enough healthcare rights to mentally ill women who have preschool aged children. They found that not many states had satisfying policies to provide outpatient services to mentally ill women, and there were no policies regarding the visitation of their children to them when they were hospitalized. This study shows that much improvement is needed in this area and insufficient healthcare is restricting the rights of the mentally ill to look after their children properly. Jacobsen and Miller (1998) conducted their research on mentally ill mothers to find out if they are capable of looking after their children properly. They found that many mentally ill parents are deprived the right of their children’s custody â€Å"due to child abuse or neglect†, due to which the children have to live in foster care. The researchers claim that since parents with long chronic mental illnesses cannot ensure safe parenting, hence they should be denied their parental rights. Feldman, Stiffman and Jung state in their study that children of mentally ill parents are likely to suffer from many behavioral disorders (1987). The researchers studied 306 children of ages between six and sixteen. They found that the children had disturbed relationships with their mentally ill parents because the parents could not provide them with secure family environment. This study supports the fact that mentally ill parents are not able to care for their children properly. Cohler et al. (1980) compared the two groups of participants, one of which consisted of mothers who were discharged from psychiatric hospitals and the other one consisted of normal mothers to find out â€Å"child rearing attitudes and adaptation to adult social roles†. They found that mentally ill mothers were unable to foster healthy relationships with their children and could not differentiate between their own and children’s needs. This hindered with the children’s abilities to adapt adult roles later in life. Gamer et al. (1977) had also reached the same conclusion earlier in 1977 when they conducted their research on three year old children performing an interaction task with their well and mentally ill mothers suffering from psychosis. They found that there were â€Å"differences in the pattern of intercorrelations among these interaction variables between the two groups† (Gamer et al., 1977). Bagedahl-Strindlund (1986) found that acute mental illness was positively related to pregnancy complications. They studied pregnant mothers admitted in psychiatric hospitals and found that delivery complications were also there in those patients who showed prepartum onset of mental illness. Mentally ill mothers also had a history of more abortions than well women. Mohit (1996) supported this research by finding in their research that seriously mentally ill mothers underwent frequent psychiatric hospitalization due to motherhood strain. This study helps prove that mentally ill mothers are not able to cope with motherhood roles efficiently. Stanton, Simpson and Wouldes (1999) found that mentally ill mothers are also involved in filicide. They interviewed mentally ill women who pretended to be very caring toward their children but at the same time regretted the killing of their children under unexplainable intentions. Research Question The research question formulated is that: Are the mentally ill able to bear and

Describe how water quality is determined Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Describe how water quality is determined - Essay Example Keywords: Water quality, guidelines, standards, contamination, pollutants, permissible limits, microbiological. Water Quality Standards Water is essential to life on this planet and its quality impacts both human beings and aquatic marine life (Anon., edugreen, n.d.). Pure water, fit for human consumption and other applications, is odorless, colorless and tasteless but these qualities are lost when contamination takes place. World Health Organization (WHO) has been the nodal agency for developing water quality parameters and recommending them for adoption by the different nations with appropriate modifications, through respective national agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the US. WHO guidelines are only recommendatory in nature, and factors like socio-economic conditions, traditional usage practices, need to conserve water as a resource etc. play important role in the quality standards of water in each country ((Fewtrell and Bartram, 2001). To study the quali ty and lay down relevant parameters, water is broadly divided under three different usages for developing standards for each category - drinking water, wastewater for reuse and recreational water (Fewtrell and Bartram, 2001. pp.17-20). Contamination itself is caused by chemical, physical and microbiological factors. Hence quality standards are based on the matrix of water usage and the relevant contaminants. For example, permissible contamination in agricultural or recreational use water is significantly higher/different than that for human consumption. Thus, the pollutants and permissible limits for different water usages have been developed. Chemical contaminants are very many and include chlorine (as disinfectant), pesticides/herbicides (used in agriculture), toxic organic/inorganic chemicals from industry, soaps and other cleaning agents in domestic wastewater running into sewers, canals and river streams etc. (Excel, n.d.). WHO guidelines indicate the tolerable daily intake (TD I) limits for presence of different chemicals in water, beyond which it is considered unfit for consumption. In respect of genotoxic carcinogens, TDI is nil. For other chemicals, standards of maximum permissible concentration levels are developed for each end-product. While developing the guidelines and standards, verification by relatively easy chemical analysis methods either on spot or in laboratories was kept in mind for practical reasons. Physical contamination consists of suspended particles like sand, soil, clay, decaying vegetative matter, precipitated salts etc. apart from metals, dissolved salts and minerals. These contaminants give color, taste and odor to water, impacting quality of the end-products. Dissolved salts and minerals also discolor clothes when such water is used for washing. Multilayer filtration, water softening and demineralization processes help to reduce physical contamination of water. US-EPA recommends a limit of 500mg per liter or 500ppm for total diss olved salts (TDS) (Excel, n.d.). Individual permissible limits have also been laid down by EPA for heavy metals (toxic) like arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead and silver. Microbiological contamination is the presence of pathogenic microorganisms like viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminthes, and is usually caused by fecal matter ingress. WHO guidelines identified Escherichia coli (E.coli) for sampling and recommend a zero presence in a 100 ml sample and a presence in

Major Forces of Globalization

Major Forces of Globalization Globalization is a phenomena which influences everyday life as much as it does events happening on a world scale. Such a broad phenomena, which invests in every expect and spectrum of life, has more then one driving force, which all together create this global village, which has no precedent in any epoch of human history. Globalization is political, technological and cultural as well as economical. Science and technology have been a major driving force behind Globalization. Our epoch developed under the impact of science, technology and rational thought, where religion and dogma where replaced with a more reasonable approach to practical life. Science and technological inventions changed the world and the way we perceive life. Globalization has been influenced above all by developments in systems of communication dating back only to the late 1960s. The connection between different states around the world have accelerated in the past fifty years due to dramatic advances in communication and information technology. The velocity by which new inventions such as computers and internet became popular in few years all over the world shows the importance of these inventions and their contribution to this phenomena of globalization. Development in information and communication technologies have intensified the speed and scope of interaction between people all over the world. Satellite Communication, Telephones, mobiles, fax machine, digital and cable televisions, electronic mail and internet have all helped to create this notion of globalization.  [1]  The internet is the faster communication tool ever developed. Widespread use of the internet and mobile phones is deepening and accelerating the process of globalization. More and more people are becoming interconnected. Nowadays with the information and images transmitted across the globe, we are regularly in contact with others who think differently and live differently from ourselves. This has brought a broader awareness of other cultures and also brought in influences from the outside world. This is seen by some as positive therefore they try to enhance such a development and as negative by others who try in every way to hinder and stop this phenomena. It all depends on ones perspective. Countries around the world have to come to terms with the fact that what happens in one country affects all the others. Another impact of Science and technology is that of improving our quality of life making our homes and the world around us more comfortable but these achievements came at a cost. Things which improved our life have had also an negative effect. Global climate change and other hazards to the environment are a result of intervention on the environment brought about by development through Science and technology. According to Anthony Giddens in his book Runaway World, the notion that with further development of science and technology, the world should became more stable and ordered does not reflect reality. Instead he states that the world Rather than being more and more under our control, it seems out of our control  [2]  . Trade and comers Trade and comers are surely a driving forces behind Globalization. All countries with the exception of North Korea, trade significant proportions of their national income. A large percentage of world output is traded. Trade is a key mechanism for increase goods, moving goods, and increasingly services around the globe, and it is also central to technology transfer. It has connected domestic markets to international markets transforming domestic economies  [3]  . Trade involves more than simply the exchange of goods and services between separate economies since it suggests the emergence of worldwide markets for trade goods and services. This does not mean that all countries trade between them. Instead it assumes the existence of a trading system in which trade activity between any two countries may affect trade relations between the rest.  [4]  Trade covers the whole globe, where International trade barriers have fallen steadily, opening markets up to boarder range of products The intensity that trade and comers has had on globalization is reflected in the creation of regularized exchange of goods at the interregional level. Trade has removed barriers to transport, costs or protection. Foreign products from one region may compete with domestic products from another region. Firms supply goods across the world and have to respond to competition from foreign firms.  [5]  Thus many national and local firms respond to world wide demand and face competition from firms based in other countries and regions. The geo-political coverage of trade and comers on globalized level is debatable. Sceptics argue that countries gain only a small amount of their income from external trade. They also argue that a good deal of economic exchange is between regions rather then being truly world wide. The countries of the European Union for example mostly trade among themselves. The same is true of the other main trading blocks.  [6]  While those in favour of globalisation argue that the effects of trade and comers can be felt everywhere and that global markets are indifferent to national boarders. The impact that trade and commerce has on the life of many people is reflected through the enormous diversity of products we have became accustomed to seeing in super markets. When you go to a supermarket you can find food from all over the world. This reflects the complex economic and social ties which link people and countries around the world. Trade has helped to generate connections which link people from different societies. One must also take into consideration that trade and comers do not have the same effects on the whole globe. The impact that trade and comers has on ones life depends also from which part of the globe one comes. Free trade for example does not have the same benefits for all countries. Less developed countries are dependent upon a few products sold on world markets. This means that they are very vulnerable to shifts in prices as well as to technological change. Most of the giant multinational companies are based in the US or come from the rich countries. In many lower developed countries, safety and environmental regulations are low or non existent. Some transnational companies sell goods in third world countries that are controlled or banned in the industrial countries for eg. poor quality medical drugs, destructive pesticide or high tar and nicotine content cigarettes. As Giddens said Rather then global village, one might say this is more global pillage  [7]  . Political changes Political changes occurring in the modern era have helped to shape this global village. After the second world war the western powers decided to create organizations which had to help them shape the post war period. This brought a rapid growth of international organizations, such as the League of Nation and its successor United Nations which were concerned primarily with the maintenance of international order, which helped the flourishing of comers and trade and technological innovation on a global sphere creating the necessary on which these could flourish. Institutions such as international monetary funds and the world bank also helped to maintain international economic order and promote economic development. The Intensity which political changes have on Globalisation is reflected in the growth of international and regional mechanisms of government. The United Nations and European Union are two good examples of this phenomena. Both the EU and UN are two international organizations that bring together nation states into a common political forum. While the UN does this as an association of independent sates, the EU is more a transnational governance in which a certain degree of national sovereignty is shared by its member states, in order to reap the benefits of political and economic union at a regional level. The EU states are bound by directives, regulations and court judgements from common EU bodies  [8]   Globalization is also being driven by intergovernmental organizations and international non governmental organizations, NGOs. The IGOs regulate issues ranging from civil service aviation to broadcasting to the disposal of hazard waste  [9]  . While NGOs with their independent work alongside governmental bodies make policies, addressing international issues. Globalization, westernization or Americanization?. Some argue that globalisation in reality is Americanisation. America is the sole superpower, which dominates economic, cultural and military position in the global order. Infact most visible cultural expressions of globalization are American such as McDonalds, CNN, Coca-Cola. No one can doubt that Globalization is led by the west, imprint of American political and economic power and that it is highly uneven in its consequences. But Globalization is not just the dominance of the west over the rest. Globalisation affects the US as it does the rest of the world. Democracy in itself in a way is a driving force behind globalization, but at the same time Globalisation lies behind the expansion of democracy. Infact Democracy is currently spreading world wide. The collapse of communist Russia made possible that former soviet bloc and its satellite states started moving towards western style political and economic system. They are not isolated from global community but are becoming integrated within it. The collapse of communism has hastened the process of globalization, but should also be seen as a result of globalization itself. Soviet Communism with its state run enterprise and heavy industry could not compete in the global electronic economy. The communism ideology and control upon which communist political authority was based similarly could not survive in an era of global media. The soviet and the East European regimes were unable to prevent change. The intensity that politics has had on this phenomena of globalization is reflected trough the creation of transnational organizations and also from the transnational movement of money, where TNCs shift their investments from one country to another often in search of lower labour costs. Transnational movement of money can go rapidly elsewhere if governments pursue policies seen as threatening profits or weaken profits or weaken currency . This threatens government policies.  [10]   The impact of politics on Globalization is also reflected in the creation of the phenomena of migration of labour. The widening gap between rich and poor countries accelerated the migration of people from poor countries to seek jobs and welfare in rich ones. This has created a greater ethnic cultural and religious diversity within nation states. This could threaten national identity and create conflict. Conclusion The driving forces underlying globalization are various and all intertwined between them. They help us understand better the concept of globalisation and the effects these have on our lives, where globalisation is changing the way the world looks, and the way we look at the world. This can help us become more conscious of the problems the world is facing and help us understand that our actions have consequences for others and that the world problems effect us as well.

Flannery O’Connor Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

Flannery O’Connor Mary Flannery O’Connor was born in 1925 in Savannah, Georgia. She was an only child, and her parents were deeply religious Roman Catholics. She was educated at the Women’s College of Georgia and the State University of Iowa. While she was at college, she wrote short stories which were published. During this time her father died of lupus, a blood disease that would eventually claim her life as well. After she was diagnosed, she moved to Milledgville, Georgia, for treatment of the disease. She continued writing and published two novels, Wise Blood and The Violent Bear it Away, as well as two collections of short stories, A Good Man is Hard to Find and Everything That Rises Must Converge. She died from Lupus in 1964 (Charters, 1079). The short story "Everything That Rises Must Converge" centers on the relationship between Julian, a young man who has recently graduated from college, and his mother. It takes place in a city in the South soon after integration. Much like Emily Grierson in William Faulkner’s "A Rose for Emily," Julian’s mother is a product of the "Old South." She takes tremendous pride in her heritage due to the fact that her ancestors were people who were once very highly respected. Her grandfather was a former state governor as well as a plantation and slave owner. Julian sees his mother as a dinosaur who is a product of the past and cannot see and accept the realities of the present. The fact that she clings to her old values embarrasses him, and he sees her more as a child who does not know any better. The plot of the story revolves around a bus trip that Julian and his mother take. Once a week, Julian’s mother goes to the local Y for her "reducing" class. Julian accompanies her on the bu... ...involving the confrontation between the mother and her son, Julian seizes the opportunity to berate his mother so she can see how ignorant she is and how he has elevated himself to a status higher than hers. Tragically, this incident leads to his mother’s stroke. It is only at this moment of his mother’s helplessness that all three worlds collide together. Julian’s world of self-righteousness and his mother’s world of self-importance are shattered by the world of reality. Only then is truth apparent to all of the characters in the story. Works Cited Charters, Ann. The Story and Its Writer An Introduction to Short Fiction. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 1999. O'Connor, Flannery. "Everything That Rises Must Converge." The Story and Its Writer An Introduction to Short Fiction. Ed. Ann Charters. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 1999. 1080-1091.

Organizational Structure and Process Design Essay

Introduction Maruti Udyog Limited is a subsidiary of Suzuki Motor Corporation, the largest manufacturer of mini passenger vehicles in Japan in terms of sales volumes. Suzuki was also the eleventh largest vehicle manufacturer in the world and the fourth largest manufacturer in Japan in terms of worldwide sales volumes in 2000. Maruti was ranked twentieth in terms of worldwide sales volumes amongst vehicle manufacturers, and has been the largest passenger car manufacturer in India. In fiscal 2002, it had the highest sales volumes of 339,964 cars and a market share of 58.6%. Maruti has a diverse product range that includes ten basic models with over 50 variants, of which nine models are manufactured locally and one is imported from Suzuki. A timeline showing the evolution of Maruti over the years is given in the appendix. Maruti?s manufacturing facility comprises three integrated plants (all located in the same premises) located at Gurgaon in the state of Haryana. The production facility capability at each plant is upgraded on an ongoing basis to improve productivity and quality. At present, it has an installed capacity of 350,000 vehicles per year, which is the highest among passenger car manufacturers in India and among all passenger car manufacturing facilities of Suzuki?s subsidiaries outside Japan. There are total 17 manufacturing shops and are capable of producing more than 50 variants of the nine basic models manufactured, with different specifications, within the same day. The production of a car occurs in the following stages: Press Shop, Weld Shop, Paint Shop, Assembly Shop, Machine Shop and Engine shops. Maruti has extensive sales and service network, the largest network of dealers and service centers amongst car manufacturers in India. As of March, 2003, they had 178 authorized dealers with 243 sales outlets in 161 cities. For service, they had 342 dealer workshops and 1,545 Maruti Authorized Service Stations, or MASSs, which covered 898 cities in India backed by Express Service Centers on 30 highways across the country. For the supply of raw materials, components and spare parts of their products, they have 299 vendors all over the country. Vendors located within  a radius of 100 km from their facility supply the majority of our components. As of March, 2003, Maruti had 4,590 employees, including 614 engineers, 84 MBA graduates and 24 chartered accountants. Methodology We chose to study Maruti as its takeover and integration with Suzuki as well as dramatic changes in its task environment presented an interesting period to understand. Also we had a person with more than six years of experience in Maruti in our group and we were able to leverage his contacts within Maruti to get the required information. We interacted with a member of Senior Management of Maruti at Delhi through e-mail. This gave us a broader picture of structure and strategy of Maruti. Then we interviewed the head of Regional office of Maruti at Bangalore which helped us understand the dynamics of its vendor, dealer relationships better. We also chatted with a MUL employee undergoing training at SMC Japan to get a fell of culture of Suzuki. Last but not the least we interacted with summer interns and ex-employees of Maruti at IIM Bangalore. All these formal and informal interactions helped us form a holistic view of the organization and we were better able to appreciate the systems and processes at Maruti. Organizational Structure Maruti has a Functional organizational structure with Horizontal Linkages. The activities are divided broadly based on following functions Finance, Marketing, Engineering, Sales, Spares, Production, Materials, Production Engineering, Parts Inspection, Quality Assurance, Maintenance, Human Recourse Development, Information Technology, New Business, Administration As, it is a very big organization, these are further divided into smaller divisions, based on various criteria (product, plant, location etc). There are total 29 divisions in Maruti, and are headed by one Divisional Head,  which is a Functional post. Then these Divisions are further divided into 132 Departments, which are headed by one Department Head, which again is a functional post. A smaller version of the organizational chart is shown below. The complete Organizational Chart is attached in the Excel file. Organizational Structure of Maruti Functionally, the structure of Maruti is very flat. The employees are divided in just six functional levels, namely Workers & Technicians, Supervisors, Executives, Section Managers, Department Manager, and Division Manager. Division Managers then report to Directors. However, hierarchically, these are divided into different levels, like, Technicians are divided in 7 levels (L-1 to L-7), Supervisors in 3 levels (L-8 to L-10), Executives and Managers in 4 levels (L-11 to L-14). Above this the Levels are designated as IDPM (Incharge Department Manager), DPM (Department Manager), DDVM (Deputy Division Manager), and DVM (Division Manager). The Section Manager, Department Manager and Division Manager are all Functional posts, which means anybody from levels L-11 to L-14 can be a Section Manager, an IDPM or a DPM can head a Department, and an DDVM or DVM can head a Division. Increasing importance of Boundary Spanning Units: With the increase in competition MUL has realized the importance of boundary spanning units. It requires its employees to pay frequent visits to showrooms of other car manufacturers to get information as to how they deal with their customers and what are the services offered by them. Once Puneet, our group member was asked to pay visit to a Hyundai showroom. He talked to the sales representative there and elicited as much information as he could. When Puneet was asked his telephone number he gave a fake number by changing the first and the last digit. Puneet was surprised when he received a call from the sales representative after two days (the person must have really tried different numbers). When asked about his decision,  Puneet told him that he has already bought a Maruti Zen. The sales representative congratulated Puneet for the new car and at the same time he asked what led Puneet to prefer Zen to Santro. During the entire conversation the representative was polite and enthusiastic. The amount of determination and dedication shown by this person was missing on part of the sales force of MUL and this was the feedback given by Puneet to his top-level managers. The increasing importance of Boundary spanning units can also be seen in the importance of department like Marketing and service. The head of Marketing and sales department reports directly to the MD whereas other departments like Finance and Production have to go through Joint Managing Directors. Horizontal Information Linkages 1.Information Systems Various Information Systems play a significant role in providing Horizontal Information Linkages. These Information Systems are well integrated and provide most of the information required by different departments. Most of these Information Systems were developed over time by the IT Department of Maruti. These Systems have evolved over time according to the changing information needs. The largest of such Information Systems is Production Management System, which provides the production related information to all the concerned departments. Some of the others are: Finance and payroll system, Marketing & sales systems, Spares Systems, Extranet with Dealers, Data warehousing and various MIS systems, Supply Chain Integration Initiatives (Extranets), Knowledge Management Portal, Vehicle tracking system etc. Apart from these Email, messaging and workflow systems also play an important role. 2.Direct Contact In some of the Departments, one person is designated as ?Coordinator? for different activities, which have a liaison role with other departments. An  example is the ?Quality Coordinator? in the Production Shop, who is a ?single window? for communication related to quality related issues. 3.Task Force In some specific short term tasks, various ?Cross Functional Teams? are formed taking people from all related departments to achieve the specific targets. Mostly they are used for Quality Improvement, Problem Solving, Cost Reduction, New product Development, New Product Trials related issues. Structural Dimensions 1.Formalization The automobile industry is a process driven industry. In Maruti also, the formalization is very high, all the operation procedures, standards, methods, instructions are written down formally. Apart from the ?Company-wide Procedures?, all Departments have their ?Department Procedures?. These Department Procedures define the scope of work for the department as well as the roles and responsibilities and work flows. These procedures are approved by the Division heads, and are available to all concerned (mostly in the form of electronic copy), and also available for other departments for reference. In production shops, the standard operating procedures are documented, and displayed on the work stations. They are called ?Maruti Operations Standards? or MOS. Similarly Maruti Engineering Standards (MES), Maruti Inspection Standards for Parts (MIS-P), Maruti Inspection Standards for Testing (MIS-T) etc are also available. Changes in all these documents are recorded for the purpose of back-tracking purpose. 2.Specialization The functional structure and further division of labor makes high degree of specialization in Maruti. 3.Hierarchy The span of control becomes a very interesting dimension in Maruti because most of the posts are functional in nature. If we look at the Section Manager in some department, then there might be 4-8 people of different levels (L-1 to L-13) directly reporting to him without any level-wise hierarchy amongst themselves. Therefore, in some cases, people working at as high level as L-13 do not have a direct sub-ordinate to them. The span of control is generally in the order of 3~6 at the top management level, 4~8 at the middle management level, and 0-5 at lower management levels (other than production). In production departments, the span of control at lower management level goes up to 40~50, as those many workers and technicians directly report to a line supervisor/ shift in-charge. 4.Centralization The Centralization is very low in Maruti, as the decision making authority is quite de-centralized and distributed across all levels. 5.Professionalism Maruti can be rated high on the Professionalism dimension, as most of the jobs require technical skills, and in some specific areas like Design and R&D, special training at Suzuki is also required. This is also evident from the fact that around 1900 employees of Maruti have been trained at facilities of Suzuki so far, and in the total work force, Maruti has around 80+ MBAs, 600+ Graduate Engineers, 200+ Diploma Engineers, and all the workers and technicians require minimum qualification of ITI. Use of Project based Teams In view of increasing competition in the automotive sector Maruti has tried  to use a project based structure to tackle specific problems effectively. Around two years back in a meeting of middle and senior level executives it was decided to form teams which would focus on specific goals. Around thirty teams comprising or 8 ? 10 members were formed. These teams had specific mandates in terms of cost reduction, new product development and were given resources and authority in order to implement their projects. For example, one team worked on value analysis and value engineering for specific components for cost reduction. Another team worked on improving the JD Power ratings that Maruti secured for IQS (Initial Quality Service). These teams were working on a high priority and all departments were expected to co-operate. Also they reported to the JDM directly and this helped them to sort out any problems they encountered. The best performing teams were awarded handsomely. Culture Corporate culture of a company reflects the kind of relationships its employees have with each other and the kind of bonding they feel with the company?s ideal and values. It also reflects the kind of strategy a company follows. Maruti which initially started as a PSU even though in collaboration with an MNC like Suzuki had a bureaucratic culture. A near monopolistic hold on the market made for a free-wheeling work force unconcerned with competition and innovation. But ever since liberalization and privatization the culture of Maruti has undergone a sea change. A small example will suffice: The day of a Maruti Employee started with signing the attendance register and coming late by half an hour or an hour was not uncommon but now with electronic swipe card based attendance a one minute delay can cost you a day?s salary. Earlier many workers used to come and sign the attendance register and then sub-contract their work to a temporary labor at the rate of around Rs.50 per day as compared to amounts around Rs10000 per month paid to them. With assured employment there was little incentive to contribute towards the well-being of the company. Even MUL employees who used to have a training stint in Japan used to feel frustrated and alienated by the work culture in  MUL after finishing their training. A reflection of this culture was the worker strike which crippled Maruti in 2001. After recovering from the strike Maruti had a perceptible change in culture. A VRS scheme introduced soon afterwards increased the sense of insecurity amongst employees, but it was all for a good cause. A hiked component of variable pay further brought company and employee interests in sync. An interesting ritual of starting the day with a two minute exercise on Japanese music was introduced. Also they have a common uniform and common canteen since the very beginning. So you can really walk into the company canteen and eat with the MD Jagdish Khattar. Now MUL has more of a mission culture with a clear mandate to maintain its market share and act as a small car sourcing hub for Suzuki. A look at company?s vision statement makes an interesting study. The company?s vision is to be the leader in the Indian automobile industry, creating customer delight and shareholders wealth, a pride of India. After its acquisition by a Japanese company does its vision of being the pride of India? Whosoever said that globalization is not full of ethical dilemmas! Comparing the culture of Maruti to other companies in India it is most similar to Hyundai and Daewoo in India, companies which have East Asian origins. Lot of stress is laid on team work and treating the company as an extension of one?s family. Innovation is also encouraged an example being the constant innovations in terms of process improvements using quality circles in Maruti. Of late an overtime culture has also slowly made its way into Maruti with the promotions linked to 180 ° feedback and staying late being used as a tool to signal your dedication and hard work. At this point it will be interesting to compare and contrast the culture and practices at Maruti and its Japanese parent Suzuki Motor Corporation of Japan. Organizational Structure and Work Culture at SMC, Japan A brief description of the Organizational Structure of Suzuki Motor Corporation Japan is given in the form of a block diagram below. SMC is headed by a chairman. The company consists of 8 divisions. These are further divided into subdivisions and departments. Organizational Structure of SMC, Japan is hsown in the appendix. Differences between Work Culture at Suzuki Motor Corporation Ltd. and Maruti Udyog Ltd. We interviewed A.B.Sinha, who is Deputy Manager (Engineering) at MUL and has been training for the last two years at Suzuki, Japan. During the course of this interview we discovered several interesting differences in the work culture between MUL and SMC. ?Employment at SMC tends to be a lifelong commitment. This means that neither the company lays off its workers nor the employee leaves the company for employment elsewhere. Hence any new employee joining the company is an important occasion and is celebrated in a series of ceremonial parties. ?The company trusts its employees to a greater extent and the employees in turn respond by being totally devoted to the company. There is no system of monitoring attendance through I cards and no system of punishments. The employees do not use the official telephone for personal calls. Also, there is less conflict and more team spirit. All assignments are given to teams. If one employee is not able to work then the others in his team try to help him. ?There is a strict hierarchy within the organization and the promotions are based on seniority. A Shinjun (entry level) takes 8 years to become a Kakaricho (asst. manager) and 8-10 years after that to become a Kacho (Manager). There is very little rotation between departments. ?There is a higher degree of precision in the planning. Jobs are allocated on an hourly basis. Meetings are short and focused. All employees record their movements on a board so that they can be easily tracked. ?Official timings are from 8:45 AM to 5:30 PM. However, most employees work from 8:45 to 7:00 PM on Wednesdays and from 8:45 AM to 10:00 PM on other days. The number of working days in a year is only 240. Power and Politics In MUL the control and power is mostly in the hands of management. During the workers strike in 2000 the management refused to agree to the workers demands. The officers ran the plant by supervising the operations of the plant and hiring contractual labour. This made it difficult for workers to sustain the strike. They had to call off the strike and were in fact forced them to agree to some changes laid down by the management. The power of Japanese has always been there in an implicit manner. The Japanese have acted as conflict resolvers whenever there have been any conflicts within or between departments. Many times the departments play politics wit other departments by trying to use the referent power available due to closeness with Japanese management. With the increase in stake of Suzuki Motor Corp. the legitimate power of the Japanese management has further increased. Strategic Profile A strategy is a plan for interacting with the competitive environment to achieve organizational goals. Organizations have goals that define where it wants to go and strategies define how it will get there. Strategy is usually one or more competitive actions. It involves choosing whether the organization will perform different activities than its competitors or will execute similar activities more efficiently than its competitors do. The strategic profile of Maruti can be described using the following models: 1.Porter?s competitive strategies: MUL introduced ‘Maruti 800’ in 1983 providing a complete facelift to the Indian car industry. The car was launched as a â€Å"People?s car† with a price tag of Rs40, 000. This changed the  industry’s profile dramatically. Maruti 800 was well accepted by middle-income families in the country and its sales increased from 1,200 units in FY84 to more than 200,000 units in FY99. Since then, MUL specialized in low-cost leadership. However its focus was not limited to small cars. MUL extended its product range to include vans, multi-utility vehicles (MUVs) and mid-sized cars. Hence it has low-cost leadership with a broad focus according to the framework of porter?s competitive strategy. 2.Miles & Snow?s strategy typology: This framework is based on the idea that managers seek to formulate strategies that will be congruent with the external environment. Organizations strive for a fit among internal organization characteristics, strategy and the external environment. This framework describes four strategies ? the prospector, the defender, the analyzer and the reactor. Maruti has always maintained stable products with minor innovations aimed improving the utility of products. In 1983, it saw opportunities and innovated by launching Maruti 800. It introduced cars in other segments like mid-car and multi-utility segments. Since then, it maintained stable business for all its brands. Therefore Maruti can be called ?analyzer?, which is a combination of prospector and defender. Inter Organizational Relationships Inter organizational relationships are the relatively enduring resource transactions, flows and linkages that occur among two or more organizations. In today?s business environment it is extremely difficult for a firm to do business on its own. Inter organizational relationships play a major part in the success of a firm. Maruti and Government of India The Government of India has been a shareholder in Maruti Udyog Ltd. from the beginning. Till a few years ago the Government had a majority stake in Maruti which was reduced recently. At present its share in Maruti is 18.28%. The relationship between Maruti and government has always involved a third player, the Suzuki Motor Corp. Government has never been involved in day to day working of Maruti. But it had been involved in the strategic decisions in the past. For example introducing new models of cars required the prior approval of Project Approval Board which is under the Ministry of Industry. In 1998 the Government signed a contract with SMC under which the appointment of Chairmen and Managing Directors would be made only after mutual consultation. This was a result of a bitter quarrel between Government and SMC regarding management succession. InterOrganizational Relationships of Maruti With a decrease in shareholding the direct involvement of government in Maruti has reduced. But there are many other ways in which the Government decisions affect Maruti. Any changes in the Pollution Emission norms made by the Government have a direct impact on Maruti. Similarly other policies of the government may have a direct or indirect impact on Maruti. Maruti and Other Auto Makers For a firm like Maruti the role of inter organizational relationships is extremely important. Fro the time of its inception Suzuki Motor Corporation (SMC) has been involved in the production part of the organization with all the designs being provided by SMC. SMC has recently become the parent company of Maruti with a 51% stake in Maruti. This has enabled Maruti to have even stronger ties with SMC. Also many Japanese managers are a part of Maruti?s Management team. These kinds of relationships help companies to tide over crises that may occur from time to time. To quote a recent example, Maruti Udyog Ltd has been under pressure to meet the high demand for diesel vehicles, particularly Zen and Esteem in India. To meet this demand Maruti has asked the parent company Suzuki Motor Corporation to find an immediate solution for supply of diesel engines. Following this, the Japanese company is  exploring the twin strategy of in-house production and procuring from other manufacturers like Fiat, Opel and Volkswagen. The above example illustrates how relationships can be built like a chain from one organization to another and so on. The companies which earlier used to adopt an Adversarial relationship have started developing Corroborative networks in order to survive in today?s business environment.

sublimade messages essays

sublimade messages essays Are you sure that you arent being subconsciously manipulated into making decisions that you wouldnt normally make? Are you sure that over the next few days, your purchases of popcorn and Coke will be completely under your conscious control? Are you even sure that I havent embedded secret messages into this research paper to manipulate you into giving me an A? If you didnt consciously perceive secret messages but you did perceive them subconsciously, then they would be called subliminal. The word subliminal literally means below the threshold (Encarta 99). The threshold is the level at which you are aware of stimuli, so if something is below the threshold, or subliminal, you are not consciously aware of it. Therefore, you may be receiving messages and obeying them without even realizing it! What I have set out to prove through my research report is that people are being manipulated by the media through subliminal advertisements. Subliminal advertisements stimulated significant public attention in 1957. It was reported that a motion picture theater in New Jersey had flashed subliminal messages on its movie screen during the showing of the movie Picnic. These messages appeared on the face of the actress Kim Novak every 32 seconds and urged the audience to Eat popcorn and Drink Coca-Cola over a course of six weeks. 49,699 people viewed these subliminal messages. The movie theater reported that its concession sales increased 58%. Some people just dismissed this as a publicity stunt or believed that you cant be affected by something you cant perceive. The truth is that nobody has ever been able to reproduce this result. However, this incident caused many people to take interest in the subject of subliminal perception. One such person was Vance Packard who wrote the very popular book, Hidden Persuaders, which appeared in the London Sunday Times as ...

The Subjunctive in German

The Subjunctive in German Konjunktiv I und II The German subjunctive mood (der Konjunktiv) comes in two varieties: (1) Subjunctive I (present subjunctive) and (2) Subjunctive II (past subjunctive). Despite their nicknames, it is important to understand that the subjunctive (in English or German) is a verb mood, not a verb tense. Both the so-called past and present subjunctive forms can be used in various tenses in German. What Is the Konjunktiv? What does the subjunctive actually do? Youll find subjunctive verb forms and expressions in almost any language, including English and German. The subjunctive mood is designed to convey a message. The message can vary, but the subjunctive is telling you that a statement is not just a plain fact (the indicative mood), that there may be some doubt, or something is contrary to reality. In English, when we say, If I were you... the verb form were is subjunctive and it conveys a message: I am not you, but... (The indicative form would be the rather unlikely I am you.) Other examples of the subjunctive in English: If we only had the money, we could...That would be a crazy thing to do.God save the Queen!They insist that she go.Be that as it may.He said he would not do that. Notice that in the examples above the words would and could often turn up. Its the same in German. In all of the examples given, the verb takes on an unusual form, different from the normal conjugation. Its the same in German. For instance, the indicative (normal) form would be God saves rather than God save. Instead of indicative she goes, we see she go in the subjunctive. In German, the Konjunktiv is also formed by altering the verb conjugation in some way. Which of the two subjunctive forms is more important for students learning German? Both of course! But the Subjunctive II is used more in conversational German than Subjunctive I. In fact, the past subjunctive is very common in daily German. It is found in many common expressions (ich mà ¶chte..., I would like...) and is used to express doubt or politeness. But well discuss all that when we get to the Subjunctive II lesson. Lets start with number one, the somewhat easier Subjunctive I. Konjunktiv I - The Quotative - Present Subjunctive In general, the Subjunctive I (present subjunctive) is used mostly for the so-called quotative or indirect speech (indirekte  Rede). It is heard or seen less and less frequently in modern German, with the important exception of news stories on radio and TV and in the newspaper. Sometimes the Subjunctive II is also used for indirect speech, usually when the Subjunctive I form is not obviously different from the indicative form. Recognize It When You See It! Since the Subjunctive I is encountered primarily in a passive way - in print or in TV/radio news, it is not necessary for most German-learners to learn how to produce it. It is more important to recognize it when you see it or hear it  because the subjunctive is sending a message you need to understand. What message? Generally the  Konjunktiv I  is telling you that someone said something that may or may not be true. For instance, in a news feature a newspaper may report what someone said, using the Subjunctive I: Der Nachbar  sagte, die Dame  lebe  schon  lnger  im  Dorf. The normal present tense conjugation is die Dame  lebt, but the subjunctive form die Dame  lebe tells us that this what someone said. The reporter/newspaper is not (legally) responsible for the truth of the statement. When you read the news in German or hear it on the radio, this so-called indirect speech (indirekte  Rede)  is a form of  indirect  quotation that says, in effect, thats what we were told but we cant vouch for the accuracy of the statement. The other terms sometimes used for the Subjunctive I also say something about its use: the quotative, indirect discourse, indirect speech. Other Uses The Subjunctive I is also used in formal or technical writing and in directions or recipes to express propositions or instructions: Technical: Hier  sei  nur  vermerkt, dass... (Here let it only be noted that...)Recipe: Man  nehme  100 Gramm Zucker,  zwei  Eier... (Take 100 g of sugar, two eggs...)Slogan: Es  lebe  der Kà ¶nig! (Long live the king!) Conjugating the Subjunctive I Many  German grammar  books or  verb guides  will list full subjunctive conjugations, but in practice, you really only need to know the  third person singular  forms most of the time. The Subjunctive I is almost always found in the third-person form:  er  habe  (he has),  sie sei  (she is),  er  komme  (hes coming), or  sie wisse  (she knows). This -e  ending (except for to be) rather than the normal -t  ending in the German third person is your clue to indirect quotation. The other non-third-person forms are rarely if ever used, so dont bother with them! Similarityto Command Forms The basic Subjunctive I form of a verb is usually identical to its imperative or command form. Although there are some exceptions, the third person singular subjunctive and the familiar (du) command forms often look alike:  Er  habe/Habe Geduld!  (Have patience!),  Sie  gehe/Geh(e)!  (Go!), or  Er sei/Sei  brav!  (Be good!). This is also true for the  wir-commands (lets, we-commands):  Seien  wir  vorsichtig!  (Lets be cautious!) or  Gehen  wir!  (Lets go!). For more about the command forms in German, see  Lesson 11  of German for Beginners. But remember, unless youre writing for a German newspaper or magazine, you dont need to be able to write or say the Subjunctive I forms. You only need to recognize them when you see them in print or hear them.